Involvement of omega-3 fatty acids in emotional responses and hyperactive symptoms
Lavialle M, Denis I, Guesnet P, Vancassel S. (2010) J Nutr Biochem. 21(10): 899-905.
Abstract:
Biochemical evidence suggests a role for n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in the regulation of behavioral disturbances. A number of studies have revealed an association between reduced n-3 PUFA levels and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or depression.
Here, we summarize the main findings regarding the association between n-3 PUFA and hyperactive and emotional disorders, and discuss potential mechanisms of action.
Because the basal ganglia are involved in the control of locomotion and emotion, we examined published data regarding the role of n-3 PUFA in dopamine (DA) regulation in the basal ganglia.
These results are discussed in the light of recent data from our laboratory suggesting an association between the drop in melatonin in the pineal gland and the increase in DA in the striatum and nucleus accumbens of n-3 PUFA-deprived rodents.
FAB RESEARCH COMMENT:
This review summarises the increasing evidence - from both animal and human studies - implicating relative deficiencies in the long chain omage-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) EPA and DHA in both ADHD and mood disorders.These key brain nutrients are found preformed in fish and seafood, but are seriously lacking from modern, western-type diets rich in highly processed foods.
In addition to reviewing the existing evidence from human clinical studies of omega-3 in relation to depression and other mood disorders (where the evidence is currently strongest), the authors also provide an excellent summary of the many potential mechanisms by which omega-3 LC-PUFA deficiencies can affect both emotional regulation and behaviour.
Particularly noteworthy are the links they make to experimental findings linking omega-3 deficiencies with abnormalities of melatonin production, as sleep disturbances are a core feature of depression and other mood disorders, and are also strongly linked with ADHD and related developmental conditions.
See also:
See also this landmark study - published almost 30 years ago now - which first pioneered the proposal that 'essential fatty acid deficiencies' play a role in ADHD for additional FAB comments and links.
And for more information on this topic, please see the following lists or articles, which are regularly updated:
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